This thesis has three objectives: 1) to study Meditation in Theravada Buddhism, 2) to study Yoga in Brahmanism-Hinduism, and 3) to comparatively study of Meditation in Theravada Buddhism and Yoga in Brahmanism-Hinduism. This study is of documentary type of research. The data of this study has been analyzed by descriptive analysis.

The results of the study were as follows:

Mediation in Theravada Buddhism is the controlling of mind concentrating in the normal objects by not letting mind sways into the unwholesome state. It is the sort of making mind stable in order to annihilate defilements that lie in the innate character of human beings with is final goal at completely ceasing of all defilements and cankers by following the principle of tranquil meditation (samatha bhāvanā aand  insight meditation (vipassanā bhāvanā)

Yoga in Brahmanism-Hinduism is of the practice with its aim at not letting Purusha misunderstand oneself as the sameness with Prakriti. The way to reach the goal of Yoga is to practice the eight limes of Yoga or called ‘Ashtanga Yoga’ with its final practice on meditation (Samādhi). On the results of practice, the practitioner of Yoga would acquire two results: 1) mundane result—it could yield many powers, including the supernatural power, 2) supra-mundane result—the practitioner would reach the sphere of eternal bliss. 

Meditation in Theravada Buddhism and Yoga in Brahmanism-Hinduism meditation have the similar point as the tool for controlling of mind being in the way of wholesome state with its goal on the cessation of all defilements and cankers. The different point of them was that meditation in Theravada Buddhism means the highest mental development for eliminating of all defilements and cankers by having the final goal at nibbāna, but Yoga in Brahmanism-Hinduism is the general implication related to process of mental practice incorporating with the body in order to be balanced mind by having the final goal at Moksha

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